Porting MaxPlus to pymxs - What you need to know
Introduction
As of 3ds Max 2022, the MaxPlus library is deprecated. This blog intends to assist those using MaxPlus to transition to pymxs for 3ds Max. This article will focus on an example of porting the xref system from MaxPlus to pymxs.
As of 3ds Max 2021, MaxPlus was not supported in Python 3. From 3ds Max 2022, shipping of MaxPlus stopped as pymxs became the supported Python scripting in 3ds Max. Check here for complete documentation https://help.autodesk.com/view/MAXDEV/2022/ENU/?guid=MAXDEV_Python_what_s_new_in_3ds_max_python_api_html.
3ds Max Scripting
Scripting in 3ds Max has been a powerful tool for automating tasks and creating custom plugins that extend the functionality offered by 3ds Max or introduce new features not present in the software. This capability is crucial in Design Automation, where activities are executed within the Autodesk Platform Services (formerly known as Forge). To harness the power of scripting, 3ds Max provides two primary options: MAXScript, the native scripting language of 3ds Max, and Python, a wrapper around MAXScript. By leveraging these scripting languages, users can achieve high flexibility and control over 3ds Max. Additionally, 3ds Max offers SDKs for C++ and C# for those who prefer plugin development, allowing for the creation and extension of capabilities within the software.
Scripting in MAXScript
MAXScript comes baked into 3ds Max by default and is accessible o the bottom left window of the UI or through the Scripting menu option in 3ds Max.
For instance, click the Scripting Listener option on the drop-down above to launch the scripting window. This brings a Scripting listener window with two choices of MAXScript and Python. Scripts can be inputted and executed in the editor window when we move to a new line, as shown below.
To learn more on how to use MAXScript and its complete tools, look at the documentation here https://help.autodesk.com/view/MAXDEV/2023/ENU/?guid=GUID-F039181A-C072-4469-A329-AE60FF7535E7.
Scripting in Python
Scripting in Python has been an option for quite some time now. Initially, 3ds Max exposed its APIs through a library called MaxPlus (https://help.autodesk.com/view/3DSMAX/2019/ENU/?guid=__developer_maxplus_python_api_introduction_maxplus_python_api_main_classes_html) which became deprecated in 3ds Max 2019 and was replaced by pymxs. Both libraries work differently and have differences in functionalities that get exposed to Python.
To compare the difference, the code below shows how the code structure looks to create an object on scene and modify its parameters.
import MaxPlus
obj = MaxPlus.Factory.CreateGeomObject(MaxPlus.ClassIds.Box)
obj.ParameterBlock.Width.Value = 10.0
obj.ParameterBlock.Length.Value = 10.0
obj.ParameterBlock.Height.Value = 10.0
import pymxs
obj = pymxs.runtime.box(width=10.0, length=10.0, height=10.0)
Why the difference?
If you are familiar with 3ds Max SDK, the MaxPlus code has a similar approach when creating objects. It’s generated from the C++ SDK, so its code system follows how it’s done in C++ or in .NET.
Unlike MaxPlus, pymxs, on the other hand, follows a different approach. Notice the first code we did for MAXScript to add a box to the scene, similar - right? Pymxs is built as a wrapper around MAXScript rather than the C++ SDK. As such, the code looks more straightforward to understand if you know bits of scripting in MAXScript.
Porting MaxPlus to pymxs
Let’s say you have some old scripts you made in MaxPlus, and you want to port them over to the recent version of 3ds Max, but now, the latest 3ds Max versions no longer ship MaxPlus libraries. The option is porting the codebase to either C++/.NET, MAXScript or Python. Let’s look at some examples:
1. XREFS
xrefs is a terminology for external referencing other files or scenes in the current scene. This prevents loading whole exterior projects into the current project but instead just referencing it. MaxPlus provides direct manipulation of xref files as follows:
File counting
import MaxPlus
num_xrefs = MaxPlus.XRefs.GetXRefFileCount()
print(num_xrefs)
An equivalent pymxs code for a similar functionality is given below
import pymxs
num_xrefs = pymxs.runtime.xrefs.getXRefFileCount()
print(num_xrefs)
Getting xref file
Once xrefs are created within a scene, retrieving specific xref files for any purpose can be achieved as follows in both MaxPlus and pymxs
import MaxPlus
index = 0 # index of the xref file
xref_file = MaxPlus.XRefs.GetXRefFile(index)
print(xref_file)
# IN PYMXS
import pymxs
index = 0 # index of the xref file
xref_file = pymxs.runtime.xrefs.getXRefFile(index)
print(xref_file)Note that both require a parameter specifying the index of the XRef file to get information about.
Setting xref file
This is intended for setting a file to xref
import MaxPlus
# get the XRef object that you want to set the file path for
xref_object = MaxPlus.Core.GetINodeByName("MyXRefObject")
# set the file path for the XRef object
file_path = "C:/path/to/my/xref/file.max"
MaxPlus.Core.SetXRefFile(xref_object, file_path)
Note that this code represents a workaround for updating the XRef file since there is no direct way to update the file in pymxs.
import pymxs
index = 1
# Get the XRef object for index 1
xref_obj = pymxs.runtime.xrefs.getXRefFile(index)
new_file = "path\to\file\something.max"
# Using MAXScript in pymxs
maxscript_code = f'''
axref = xrefs.getXRefFile {index}
axref.filename = "{new_file}"
flagChanged axref
'''
_axref = pymxs.runtime.execute(maxscript_code)
print(_axref)
Flagging xref file as changed
Used to flag that the xref has been changed.
import MaxPlus
# get the XRef object that you want to flag as changed
xref_object = MaxPlus.Core.GetINodeByName("MyXRefObject")
# flag the XRef object as changed
MaxPlus.Core.FlagXrefChanged(xref_object)To flag specific file as changed, pymxs doesn’t expose any way to directly do that. Alternatively, we can invoke MAXScript to flag the files as changed as shown;
import pymxs
index = 1 # Index for the xref you want to flag as updated
maxscript_code = f'''
axref = xrefs.getXRefFile {index}
flagChanged axref
axref
'''
_axref = pymxs.runtime.execute(maxscript_code)
print(_axref)
Updating changed xrefs
Updates the XRefs that have been flagged as changed. This function actually loads the new versions of the referenced files and updates the XRefs in the scene accordingly.
# In MAXPLUS
import MaxPlus
# update all XRef objects that have been flagged as changed
MaxPlus.Core.UpdateChangedXRefs()
# In PYMXS
import pymxs
# Updates the changed XRefs and resets their changed flags
pymxs.runtime.xrefs.updateChangedXRefs()
3. Animation
Getting Animation Range
Getting Animation Range is used to retrieve the animation range of the current scene.
import MaxPlus
# get the animation range of the current scene
start_time, end_time = MaxPlus.Animation.GetAnimRange()
# print the start and end times of the animation range
print("Animation Range:")
print("Start Time:", start_time)
print("End Time:", end_time)MaxPlus's corresponding function in pymxs returns a pair of time objects: the first element of the tuple is the animation range's start time, and the second element is the animation range's end time.
import pymxs
# Get the animation range in 3ds Max
anim_range = pymxs.runtime.animationRange
# Print the start and end times of the animation range
print("Start Time:", anim_range.start)
print("End Time:", anim_range.end)
Getting current time
Returns current time in the animation
import MaxPlus
# get the current time in the animation
current_time = MaxPlus.Animation.GetTime()
# print the current time to the console
print("Current Time:", current_time)The following code samples are used to get the current time when animating in pymxs.
import pymxs
# get current time
current_time = pymxs.runtime.currentTime
# Log the values
print(current_time)
print(current_time.frame)
print(current_time.ticks)Conclusion
The samples do not cover all the aspects of porting code from MaxPlus to pymxs. However, the complete guide can be found on the documentation at https://help.autodesk.com/view/MAXDEV/2023/ENU/?guid=MAXDEV_Python_using_pymxs_maxplus_to_pymxs_html. The guide aimed to give ideas on how to look at porting current codes to pymxs.
We have looked at both pymxs native functions similar to or representing the MaxPlus functions and embedding MAXScript in pymxs to achieve functionality not currently exposed to pymxs.
FAQ’s
Are MaxPlus and pymxs one-to-one match?
No. Due to the architecture, these two bear different exposure to underlying functionalities. So, some functions and modules in MaxPlus are not available in pymxs and vice versa.
Can I convert my MaxPlus code to pymxs fully?
Yes. MaxPlus code can be ported to pymxs, but no one-to-one conversion exists. Note that you’ll need to combine pymxs and MAXScript for some functionality to achieve it. It’s all about getting similar functionality.
So, what about pymxs and MAXScript?
pymxs is a MAXScript wrapper but not all functionality and properties in MAXScript are directly generated into pymxs modules/functions/properties. There are workarounds but not direct functions/modules like the ones in MAXScript.
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